Topological Charge Pump (Thouless)

A 1D adiabatic Thouless pump: as the Hamiltonian parameters cycle through a topological parameter loop, exactly one quantum of charge is transported per cycle — quantized by the Chern number of the occupied band.

Chain sites N 12
Hopping δ 0.50
Speed 3
Phase φ: 0.00π | Cycles: 0 | Pumped charge: 0 quanta