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Swift-Hohenberg: Stripe & Hexagon Selection

Pattern-forming instability — stripes and hexagons selected by the cubic nonlinearity

PARAMETERS

Quick start:
Stripes Hexagons Near onset Below onset
Pattern:
Max |u|:
Steps: 0

The Swift-Hohenberg equation:

∂u/∂t = εu − (∇²+q₀²)²u − u³

ε > 0: pattern-forming instability grows from noise. The operator (∇²+q₀²)² selects modes near wavenumber q₀.

Stripes form when initial conditions break hexagonal symmetry; hexagons need three-wave resonance. The cubic term u³ saturates growth and selects between patterns.

The preferred wavelength λ = 2π/q₀. Swift-Hohenberg is the normal form for the Turing instability and Rayleigh-Bénard convection near onset.