Abrikosov Vortex Lattice — Type II Superconductor

Magnetic flux quanta Φ₀ = h/2e penetrate as quantized vortices forming a triangular Abrikosov lattice. Adjust the applied field between H_c1 and H_c2.

Vortex count: —
Vortex spacing a: — ξ
B average: —

Abrikosov lattice (1957): in type-II (κ=λ/ξ > 1/√2), vortices form triangular lattice minimizing free energy. Each carries Φ₀ = h/2e ≈ 2.07×10⁻¹⁵ Wb.

London limit: B(r) = (Φ₀/2πλ²)·K₀(r/λ) near isolated vortex (modified Bessel function).
Meissner
Vortex
Normal
H_c1           H_c2
|Ψ|² — Superconducting order parameter
B(r) — Magnetic flux density
0
max