Stochastic Block Model

Community detection & modularity in random graphs

Graph Parameters

SBM: Nodes partitioned into k communities. Edges placed with prob p_in within, p_out across blocks.

Modularity Q:
Q = (1/2m) Σ[A_ij - k_i·k_j/2m]·δ(c_i,c_j)

Q near 1 → strong community structure
Q near 0 → Erdos-Rényi random

Detectability threshold:
(p_in - p_out)² > k(p_in + p_out)/N