Rotating spiral waves in 2D excitable media (FitzHugh-Nagumo model)
Click canvas to create wave break
Spiral waves emerge when a wave front curls around a phase singularity — a point where the oscillation phase is undefined. They appear in cardiac tissue (reentrant arrhythmia), the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction, and neural cortex. The FitzHugh-Nagumo equations model fast activation (u) and slow recovery (v).