Social Learning — Bayesian Herding & Information Cascades

Bikhchandani-Hirshleifer-Welch 1992 · Sequential decisions · Cascade onset

Signal & Agent Parameters

Cascade started at:
Cascade direction:
Final belief Pr(B):
Correct decision:
Cascade rate (100 trials):
Model: agents act sequentially, each observing all prior actions + private signal.

P(B|actions,signal) ∝ P(actions|B)·P(signal|B)·P(B)

Cascade: once log-odds |L| exceeds signal strength, rational agents ignore private signal and herd on prior actions.

Cascade onset: |Σ logit(aᵢ)| > logit(p)

Cascades can be wrong — early movers dominate; fragile to new information.