SAFFMAN-TAYLOR FINGERING

Less viscous fluid (magenta) injected into more viscous fluid (dark) in a Hele-Shaw cell. The interface is unstable: small perturbations grow into fractal fingers. DLA + curvature-stabilized simulation.

Surface tension0.10
Noise level0.20
Injection rate1.5

Stability parameter B = (VηL²)/(Tγ) — fingering when B > 1