5.0
1.00
Hawking (paradox)
Island formula (Page curve)
Bekenstein-Hawking S_BH
Hawking 1975: S_rad increases monotonically → information lost
Island rule (2019):
S = min_{islands} [A(∂I)/4G + S_bulk(R∪I)]
Replica wormholes (saddle geometries) dominate after t_Page → Page curve restored
Island rule (2019):
S = min_{islands} [A(∂I)/4G + S_bulk(R∪I)]
Replica wormholes (saddle geometries) dominate after t_Page → Page curve restored
t = 0.00
S_Hawking = 0.00
S_Page = 0.00
Phase: early
S_Hawking = 0.00
S_Page = 0.00
Phase: early