Rugged Fitness Landscape

NK model — evolutionary walks on random epistatic landscapes

NK Model

Statistics

Best fitness
Mean fitness
Generation0
Local optima found

Theory

f(σ) = (1/N) Σᵢ fᵢ(σᵢ,…,σᵢ₊ₖ)
K=0: smooth, 1 peak (SSWM)
K=N-1: maximally rugged
Local optima ~ 2ᴺ/N (K=N-1)