Quantum Harmonic Oscillator — Coherent & Squeezed States

Wigner quasi-probability distribution W(x,p) in phase space

State Parameters

Dynamics

⟨n⟩ = |α|²
ΔxΔp ≥ ½ℏ
Squeezed: Δx = e^{−r}/√2
         Δp = e^{+r}/√2

Theory

Wigner function:
W(x,p) = (1/π)∫ψ*(x+y)ψ(x−y)e^{2ipy}dy

Coherent state |α⟩: Gaussian
displaced from origin

Squeezed: elliptical Gaussian
one quadrature below vacuum

W≥0 always for Gaussian states
Negative W → non-classicality