QUANTUM DOT

Confinement quantization, Coulomb blockade, charging diagram
Quantum Confinement

Square box levels:
E_nx,ny = ℏ²π²(nx²+ny²) / 2m*L²

Coulomb blockade:
Add N+1th electron costs E_C = e²/2C

Conductance peaks when:
E_N + N·E_C = μ_lead (gate resonance)

N = —
E_add = —
λ_de Broglie: —