Bunimovich Stadium · Classical Ray Tracing · Wigner-Dyson Statistics
Billiard Shape
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Statistics
Lyapunov exp λ—
Mean free path—
Ergodic?—
Reflections0
Bunimovich (1979): The stadium is fully chaotic — all trajectories are ergodic and mixing. Quantum mechanically, energy level spacings follow the Wigner-Dyson distribution P(s) = (π/2)s·e^(−πs²/4) (GOE), unlike integrable systems (Poisson: P(s) = e^(−s)).