Coulomb Blockade: Single-Electron Transistor

Charging E_C (meV) 2.00 Temperature T (K) 0.10

Tunnel rate Γ (GHz) 1.00 Gate voltage Vg 0.00

Single-electron transistor: Metallic island connected by tunnel junctions (capacitances C_L, C_R, C_g).
E_charge(N) = (Ne − C_g V_g)² / (2C_Σ) — Coulomb staircase in stable charge states.
Blockade lifted at degeneracy points: N + ½ = C_g V_g / e → Coulomb peaks in conductance.

Coulomb Blockade — Single-Electron Transistor