QUANTUM TUNNELING
Energy (E/V₀)
0.60
Barrier Width
30
Barrier Height
V₀
Wave Packets
1
Launch Packet
T = |t|² ≈ exp(-2κL)
κ = √(2m(V₀-E))/ℏ
Classically: T=0 if E<V₀
A quantum wave packet approaches a potential barrier. Unlike classical particles, it has nonzero probability of tunneling through even when E < V₀.