Modern theory of orbital magnetization (Thonhauser 2005, Xiao 2005, Ceresoli 2006): M_orb = (e/2ℏ) ∫_BZ [dk/(2π)²] f(ε_k) Ω_k (ε_k + ε̃_k), where Ω_k is the Berry curvature and ε̃_k is the orbital magnetic moment of the Bloch state. Unlike polarization (which is geometric), orbital magnetization has two contributions: the self-rotation of Bloch wavepackets (orbital moment), and the center-of-mass circulation of wavepackets (Berry curvature × energy). The anomalous Hall conductivity σ_xy = (e²/ℏ) ∫_BZ f_k Ω_k — same Berry curvature integral but without the energy weight.