Neutrino Oscillation — Mixing Probability

Neutrinos are produced in flavor eigenstates (νₑ, νμ, ντ) but propagate as mass eigenstates. The PMNS matrix rotates between bases, producing quantum oscillations. P(νₑ→νμ) = sin²(2θ)·sin²(Δm²L/4E).

Mixing angle θ₁₂ (°)θ = 33.5°

Δm² (10⁻⁵ eV²)Δm² = 7.5

Energy E (MeV)E = 5 MeV

Baseline L (km)L_max = 15000 km

P(νₑ→νμ) = sin²(2θ) · sin²(1.267·Δm²[eV²]·L[km] / E[GeV])