Molecular Orbital Viewer
LCAO approximation: ψ = c₁φ₁ + c₂φ₂ — bonding/antibonding MOs from atomic orbitals
Molecule
H₂
He₂
N₂
O₂
F₂
Bond length:
1.4
Å
Orbital
σ1s (bonding)
Display
Isosurface level:
0.15
Slice plane:
0.0
Blue = +ψ, Red = −ψ
Node planes shown in grey
MO Theory
σ bonding: constructive interference, no node between nuclei.
σ* antibonding: node between nuclei, destabilizing.
Bond order = (bonding − antibonding)/2
O₂ has two half-filled π* → paramagnetic (Hund's rule).