MINIMAL SURFACES

Zero mean curvature H=0 — soap film geometry made visible
Minimal surfaces have zero mean curvature H = (κ₁+κ₂)/2 = 0.

They are critical points of the area functional — locally area-minimizing.

Weierstrass-Enneper:
x+iy = ∫(1-w²,i(1+w²),2w)f(w)dw

Surface: Enneper

Gaussian curvature K = κ₁·κ₂ ≤ 0
(saddle points everywhere)