Erdős–Rényi Random Graph Phase Transition

Giant component emergence at ⟨k⟩ = 1 — mean-field percolation in G(n,p)

Parameters

Statistics

Edges0
Components0
Giant size S0
S/n (order param)0.000
p_c = 1/n
Giant component fraction
G(n,p): edge prob p = ⟨k⟩/(n−1)
Critical: p_c = 1/n, ⟨k⟩_c = 1
Order param S ≈ 1 − e^{−⟨k⟩S}
(self-consistency, mean-field)