Earth's Magnetosphere

Solar Wind Speed: 400 km/s

Solar Wind Density: 5 p/cm³

IMF Bz: 0 nT

Dipole Tilt: 11°

Standoff: ~10 RE
Tail length: ~200 RE
IMF southward → reconnection

Earth's magnetic field deflects the solar wind. The bow shock slows plasma; the magnetopause separates solar from terrestrial field. Van Allen belts trap energetic particles via gradient drift.