Luttinger Liquid

Power-law spectral function, spin-charge separation, Luttinger parameter K

Parameters

Luttinger liquid:
A(ω) ∝ |ω|^α, α=(K+K⁻¹-2)/4

K < 1: repulsive (Mott)
K = 1: free fermions (FL)
K > 1: attractive

Spin-charge separation:
v_σ ≠ v_ρ (holon, spinon)

No quasi-particle pole!