Frank Elastic Energy2D Nematic Director Field · Defect Dynamics

Frank Constants

Frank Energy (arb.)
Frank free energy:
F = ½∫[K₁(∇·n̂)² + K₂(n̂·∇×n̂)² + K₃|n̂×∇×n̂|²]dV

In 2D: director n̂=(cosθ, sinθ). Splay defects have winding +1, hedgehog ±½. Click to perturb the field.