Order parameter r: 0.00
Mean phase ψ: 0.00
K_c (est.): -
About: The Kuramoto-Sakaguchi model extends the classic Kuramoto model with a frustration parameter α that shifts the effective coupling phase. Each oscillator i evolves as dθᵢ/dt = ωᵢ + (K/N)Σⱼ sin(θⱼ − θᵢ − α). Above a critical coupling K_c = 2/(πg(0)), the oscillators spontaneously synchronize. Frustration α can prevent synchronization or induce traveling-wave states.