K = 0.80
σ = 0.80
N = 50
Order param r—
Mean phase ψ—
K_c estimate—
Sync fraction—
Time t—
Kuramoto model: dθᵢ/dt = ωᵢ + (K/N)Σⱼsin(θⱼ−θᵢ). Order parameter r = |⟨eⁱθ⟩| ranges from 0 (incoherent) to 1 (synchronized). Critical coupling K_c = 2σ√(π/2) for Lorentzian distribution.