KURAMOTO MODEL

Mean-field synchronization: dφᵢ/dt = ωᵢ + (K/N)Σⱼ sin(φⱼ−φᵢ)

PARAMETERS

r = 0.00 | K_c = 0.00
Transition at K_c = 2/πg(0): For Lorentzian freq dist with width γ, K_c=2γ. Below K_c, incoherent; above, r grows as r~√(1−K_c/K).

Discovered by Kuramoto (1975) — a mean-field model of biological clocks, power grids, neural oscillators.