Kitaev honeycomb model: spins on a honeycomb lattice with bond-dependent interactions Jx, Jy, Jz. Exactly solvable via Majorana fermion representation. The phase diagram has three gapped A phases and one B phase.
H = −Jx Σx-bonds σˣσˣ − Jy Σy-bonds σʸσʸ − Jz Σz-bonds σᶻσᶻ
B phase (center): gapless Dirac fermions. Adding κ (time-reversal breaking) opens a gap and creates
non-Abelian anyons (Ising anyons, related to Majorana zero modes).
Z₂ fluxes (visons) are anyonic excitations living in plaquettes — green hexagons.