IV Characteristic
Washboard Potential + Phase
Phase vs Time
RCSJ model: β_c·φ̈ + φ̇ + sin(φ) = I/I_c (normalized).
β_c = ω_p²RC (McCumber parameter). Underdamped (β_c ≫ 1): hysteresis — junction stays
resistive until I drops below I_r ≪ I_c. Overdamped (β_c ≪ 1): no hysteresis,
V = R√(I²-I_c²) for I>I_c. Washboard tilts under bias current.