⟨JAMMING TRANSITION⟩

φ: -
Contacts Z: -
Pressure P: -
State: -
Jamming transition occurs at φJ ≈ 0.64 (3D) / 0.84 (2D). Below: particles flow freely. Above: system jams — pressure P ~ (φ−φ_J)^α, contact number Z − Z_iso ~ (φ−φ_J)^½. This is a point J at T=0, σ=0, φ=φ_J in the jamming phase diagram.