Immune Clonal Selection & Affinity Maturation

Generation: 0 | Best affinity: —

Clonal Selection & Affinity Maturation

When an antigen is detected, B-cells whose receptors bind it (have high affinity) are selected, clonally expanded, and undergo somatic hypermutation in germinal centers. Mutant clones with higher affinity are preferentially selected — a Darwinian optimization process that produces antibodies with picomolar affinity in days.

Affinity is modeled as A = exp(−‖b − ag‖² / σ²) in shape space. Clones proliferate proportionally to affinity. Mutation adds Gaussian noise to receptor shape. High-affinity clones suppress low-affinity ones via competition for antigen.