Magnetic Hysteresis Loop

B-H curve, Preisach model, coercivity & remanence

Material Parameters

Hysteresis: The magnetic state depends on field history — irreversibility from domain wall pinning.

B_r (remanence): B at H=0 after saturation
H_c (coercivity): H needed to demagnetize

Preisach model: Material as superposition of bistable switching units (hysterons).

Energy loss: ∝ area enclosed by loop (per cycle).