HALL EFFECT SENSOR

Transverse Voltage from Current in a Magnetic Field (E.H. Hall, 1879)
V_H = IB / (nqt)    R_H = 1/(nq)    [Hall coefficient]
Current I (mA) 50 mA
B Field (T) 1.00 T
Carrier Type
Material
—Hall Voltage V_H (mV)
—Hall Coefficient R_H (cm³/C)
—Carrier Drift (arb.)
+V_H Polarity
The Hall effect: current-carrying electrons (or holes) in a magnetic field experience the Lorentz force F = qv×B, deflecting transversely until the induced Hall field balances it. The Hall voltage reveals carrier type (n vs p), density, and mobility — essential for semiconductor characterization and magnetic sensors (wheel speed, proximity switches, compasses).