Granular Gas
Inelastic collisions · Energy dissipation · Clustering instability
Restitution (e)
0.70
Particles
100
Speed
1.5
Restart
Inelastic:
v'
rel
= −e · v
rel
Energy loss:
ΔKE = ½μ(1−e²)v²
rel
Clustering:
cooling → density fluctuations amplify
KE: — | Clusters: —