Granular Chain — Hertzian Solitary Waves

25
3.0
1.50
0.02
Newton's cradle at the nano-scale: Hertz contact law F = A·δⁿ (n=3/2 for spheres). Creates compact solitary waves — unlike linear chains, these pulses have finite width independent of amplitude. Nesterenko soliton: width ≈ 5 beads.