A free energy landscape F(x) governs how a system explores order-parameter space. Minima are stable/metastable states; barriers determine transition rates. Kramers' escape rate: k ~ exp(−ΔF/kT) — exponentially sensitive to barrier height and temperature. Particles (colored dots) undergo Langevin dynamics: overdamped motion down the gradient plus thermal noise. Watch how the distribution between wells reflects the Boltzmann weight e−ΔF/kT. Adjust the tilt to bias one well — this models external fields, chemical potentials, or applied forces.