Forest Fire Model — SOC (Drossel-Schwabl)

Self-organized criticality: power-law fire size distributions emerge without tuning

Model Parameters

P(s) ~ s^{-τ}, τ ≈ 1.0–1.3
p/f ≫ 1 → SOC regime
Σ fires ~ power law
Drossel-Schwabl (1992): empty→tree with prob p, tree→fire if neighbor burns OR lightning with prob f. In limit f/p→0 system self-organizes to critical state with power-law fire sizes — no parameter tuning needed!