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Lamb-Chaplygin
v = Γ/(4πR)
× (ln(8R/a)−¼)
Kelvin: dΓ/dt=0
(inviscid)
ω = Γδ(r−R)
× (ln(8R/a)−¼)
Kelvin: dΓ/dt=0
(inviscid)
ω = Γδ(r−R)
Toroidal vortices self-propel via the Biot-Savart law. Two rings can leapfrog, collide, and reconnect — fundamental to turbulence and quantum superfluids.
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