Turbulence Cascade

Vortex count: 60 Viscosity ν: 0.0005 Forcing scale: 3 Color mode: Vorticity Speed Streamlines Reset

Kolmogorov Turbulence
Inertial subrange: E(k) ~ k^-5/3
2D inverse cascade: energy flows to large scales.
Dissipation scale: η = (ν³/ε)^1/4
Point vortices interact via Biot-Savart law.
Kármán vortex street, coherent structures visible.