Extinction Vortex

Population size (N)—

Inbreeding (F)—

Genetic diversity—

Demographic stochast.—

Extinction probability—

The Vortex:

1Population declines below viable threshold

2Inbreeding ↑, genetic diversity ↓

3Inbreeding depression reduces fitness

4Demographic stochasticity amplified

5Population shrinks further → repeat

Initial population 50 Carrying capacity K 200 Environmental stochasticity 0.3 Inbreeding depression 0.5