ESCAPE RATE — OPEN SYSTEM

Chaotic scattering · trajectories leak through hole · fractal repeller set

Hole size: 0.3

Speed:

Alive: 0

Escaped: 0

Escape rate γ: —

Time: 0

N(t) ~ N₀ e^{-γt}
γ increases with hole size
Fractal repeller: dim_H = 1 - γ/λ
(λ = Lyapunov exponent)