SIR Epidemic on Random Network — Bond Percolation

S: 0 I: 0 R: 0 R₀ ≈ 0.0 Epidemic:
SIR epidemic spreading on an Erdős-Rényi random network via bond percolation. Each edge transmits infection with probability p per timestep. The epidemic threshold R₀ = p·⟨k⟩/γ = 1 separates extinction from pandemic. Above threshold, a giant infected component emerges analogous to bond percolation at p_c = 1/⟨k⟩.