Entanglement Entropy & Area Law

1D quantum chains — bipartite entanglement entropy S(l) and tensor network bond structure

Controls

Area law (1D): S(l) ≤ const (gapped)
CFT prediction: S(l) = (c/3)·ln[sin(πl/L)] + const
Central charge c = 1 for XX chain.

MPS bond dimension χ encodes entanglement capacity. Area law ↔ χ can be small.