Ecological Succession Model

Succession Rates

Pioneer → Grassland 0.03 Grassland → Shrubland 0.02 Shrubland → Forest 0.01 Disturbance rate 0.005

Influence Radius

Neighbor radius 2

Legend

Bare/Disturbed

Pioneer

Grassland

Shrubland

Climax Forest

Ecology

Lotka-Volterra succession
dN_i/dt = r_i N_i (1 - ΣN_j/K)

Clements (1916): succession is
deterministic → climax community

Gleason (1926): individualistic,
stochastic patch dynamics

Connell-Slatyer mechanisms:
facilitation, tolerance, inhibition

This model: probabilistic CA
with neighborhood facilitation