ECOLOGICAL RESILIENCE
Nutrient loading P
0.5
Turbidity threshold h
0.5
Recovery rate r
1.0
Noise σ
0.05
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Kick System (+0.3)
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State:
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X:
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Resilience:
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Basin depth:
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Alternative stable states in lake ecosystems (Scheffer 1993). Hysteresis makes recovery harder than degradation.