DUFFING OSCILLATOR
ẍ + δẋ + αx + βx³ = γcos(ωt)
Drive γ:
0.30
Damping δ:
0.30
Drive freq ω:
1.20
α (linear):
-1.0
β (cubic):
1.0
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Duffing equation: double-well potential V=αx²/2+βx⁴/4, bistability, period-doubling bifurcation cascade to chaos (Feigenbaum δ≈4.669)