Density Matrix & Bloch Sphere Decoherence

The density matrix ρ encodes both pure and mixed quantum states. Decoherence shrinks the Bloch vector toward the center as off-diagonal elements (coherences) decay. Watch a pure state (surface) collapse to a mixed state (interior).

ρ = [[?, ?],[?, ?]]
dρ/dt = −i[H,ρ] + γ₁L₋ρ + γ₂LzρLz†