Dark Energy — Equation of State w(z)

Chevallier-Polarski-Linder parametrization · CPL: w(a) = w₀ + wₐ(1−a)

CPL parametrization: w(a)=w₀+wₐ(1−a). Cosmological constant: w₀=−1, wₐ=0. H(z)/H₀ = √[Ωm(1+z)³ + Ωr(1+z)⁴ + ΩDE·f(z)], where f(z)=(1+z)^(3(1+w₀+wₐ))·exp(3wₐ·z/(1+z)). Comoving distance χ = c∫₀ᶻ dz′/H(z′).