Cyclotron Motion

A charged particle in a uniform magnetic field B spirals in circular orbits. The cyclotron frequency ω_c = qB/m is independent of speed. In quantum mechanics, energy is quantized into Landau levels E_n = ℏω_c(n+½).

ω_c = qB/m | r_c = mv/(qB) | Landau levels: E_n = ℏω_c(n+½)