Dendritic solidification from a supercooled melt
The phase-field variable φ ∈ [−1, +1] tracks solid (φ=1) vs liquid (φ=−1). Anisotropic surface energy W(θ) = W₀(1 + ε cos(nθ)) creates n-fold symmetry, producing snowflake-like dendrites. Undercooling Δ controls growth velocity. Click the canvas to plant a seed crystal.