Critical Opalescence — Light Scattering Near Phase Transition

Ornstein-Zernike structure factor • Diverging correlation length • Critical slowing-down
0.50
5.0
5.0
Correlation length ξ
Susceptibility χ
S(q→0) forward scatter
Phase
Ornstein-Zernike: S(q) = χ₀·|t|^(−γ) / (1 + q²ξ²)  |  ξ = ξ₀·|t|^(−ν)  |  3D Ising: γ≈1.24, ν≈0.63