COSMIC WEB · VOID STRUCTURE

Zel'dovich Approximation · Adhesion Model · Dark Matter Sheets

Simulation

Controls

Statistics

Void fraction
Max density
Caustic count
Scale factor a
Zel'dovich approximation:
x(q,a) = q − a·∇φ(q)

Particles stream along initial displacement field. Sheets cross (caustics) → filaments and halos form. Adhesion model adds viscosity ν→0 to prevent shell crossing, preserving structure. Voids expand; matter collapses to pancakes, filaments, and nodes — the cosmic web.